Matter in the ultra-gaseous or so-called fourth state. In the gaseous state the molecules of a gas are in perpetual kinetic motion, colliding actually or virtually with each other, rebounding from such approach, and striking also the walls of the containing vessel. But except for these deflections, which are of enormous frequency, the paths of [...]

The imaginary substance constituting electricity; a conception used purely as a matter of convenience. [Transcriber's note: The electron was discovered five years after this publication.]

A term for quantity of electricity. The unit mass is such a quantity as at unit distance will act with unit force.

The quantity of matter in a body. The C. G. S. unit of mass is the quantity of matter in a gram. While weight varies with latitude and other circumstances, mass is invariable. The unit of mass is also defined as the quantity of matter which in a balance will counterpoise a standard mass, the [...]

The north pole or north seeking pole of a magnet, so called because it is usually marked with a notch or scratch by the maker. The south pole is called the unmarked end.

The cistern-like depression in the ground for giving access to the ends of tubes in electric conduits. (See Conduit, Electric Subway.)

A fish, sometimes called the thunder fish, an inhabitant of African rivers, occurring in the Nile and Senegal. It possesses considerable electric power, similar to that of the gymnotus and torpedo, although inferior in amount.

A current which is continually broken or interrupted and started again. It is applied only where the “makes” and “breaks” succeed each other with great rapidity, as in the action of an induction coil or pole changer, etc. It has had considerable importance in litigation affecting the Bell telephone patents, the courts holding that the [...]

To complete a circuit, as by closing a switch.

The larger conductors in a system of electric light or power distribution.