The velocity imparted to a body in one second by the action of gravitation at any standard point upon the earth’s surface in a vacuum. This will vary at different places, owing principally to the variation in centrifugal force due to the earth’s rotation. For standard valuation it must be reduced to sea level. The [...]

A natural force which causes all masses of matter to attract each other. Its cause is unknown; it is often supposed to be due to the luminiferous ether. [Transcriber's note: Einstein's explanation of gravity, General Relativity and the curvature of space-time, came 23 years later, 1915.]

Carbon; one of three allotropic modifications of this element. It occurs in nature as a mineral. It is used as a lubricant for machinery; for commutator brushes; for making surfaces to be plated conductive, and for mixing with manganese binoxide in Leclanché cells.

The number of grams of a substance equal numerically to its molecular weight.

The number of grams of an element equal numerically to the atomic weight, as 16 grams of oxygen, 1 gram of hydrogen, 35.5 grams of chlorine; all which might be expressed as gram-atoms of oxygen, hydrogen and chlorine respectively. The gram-atom approximately expresses the number of gram-calories required to heat one gram of the substance [...]

The unit of weight in the metric system; accepted as the unit of mass in the absolute of C. G. S. system of units. It is the one-thousandth part of mass of a standard weight preserved under proper conditions in Paris, and supposed to be the mass of a cubic decimeter of distilled water at [...]

Apparatus for enabling the same line to be used for telegraph signals and telephoning. One type consists in coils with iron cores or simply electromagnets. These act to retard the current in reaching its full power and also prolong it. This gives a graduated effect to the signals, so that the telephone diaphragm is not [...]

A bath for removing gold from plated articles without dissolving the base in order to save the precious metal. A bath of 10 parts of potassium cyanide and 100 parts of water may be used, the articles to be stripped being immersed therein as the anode of an active circuit. If the gilding is on [...]

A solution of gold used for depositing the metal in the electroplating process. A great number of formulae have been devised, of which a few representative ones are given here. COLD BATHS.            HOT BATHS. Water,               10,000  10,000  10,000  10,000   5,000  3,000 Potassium Cyanide,      200      –     200      10      –     50 Gold,                   100      15     100      10      10     [...]

A metal, one of the elements; symbol Au. c .; atomic weight, 196.8; equivalent, 65.6; valency, 3; specific gravity 19.5. It is a conductor of electricity. Annealed.   Hard drawn. Relative Resistance (Annealed Silver = 1),   1.369       1.393 Specific Resistance,                         2.058       2.094 Resistance of a wire at 0° C. (32°F.) (a) 1 foot long, weighing 1 [...]